Since the introduction of Cohen's kappa as a chance-adjusted measure of agreement
between two observers, several “paradoxes” in its interpretation have been pointed out. The …

In this research, the statistical inference of the problem of measuring agreement between
two observers who employ measurements on a 2-point nominal scale is focused. One of the …

Cornfield's test-based method of setting a confidence interval on a parameter associated
with a two-by-two contingency table is adapted for use with the measure of agreement …

Sažetak The kappa statistic is frequently used to test interrater reliability. The importance of
rater reliability lies in the fact that it represents the extent to which the data collected in the …

Most measures of agreement are chance-corrected. They differ in three dimensions: their
definition of chance agreement, their choice of disagreement function, and how they handle …

Agreement is a broad term simultaneously covering evaluations of accuracy and precision of
measurements. Assessment of observer agreement is based on the similarity between …

The need to assess agreement exists in various clinical studies where quantifying inter‐rater
reliability is of great importance. Use of unscaled agreement indices, such as total deviation …

As measures of interobserver agreement for both nominal and ordinal categories, Cohen's
kappa coefficients appear to be the most widely used with simple and meaningful …

Chance‐corrected measures of agreement are prone to exhibit paradoxical and counter‐
intuitive results when used as measures of reliability. It is demonstrated that these problems …

Interrater agreement on binary measurements with more than two raters is often assessed
using Fleiss' κ, which is known to be difficult to interpret. In situations where the same raters …