Protein interactions are critical for the function of SMADs as mediators of transforming
growth factor-β (TGF-β) signals. TGF-β receptor phosphorylation of SMAD2 or SMAD3 …

TGFβ signaling plays a central role in regulating a broad range of cellular responses in a
variety of organisms. TGFβ signaling from the cell membrane to the nucleus is mediated by …

TGF-β (Transforming Growth Factor-β) cytokines employ Smad proteins as the intracellular
mediator of signaling. Upon TGF-β stimulation, the cytoplasmic Smads become …

Understanding the mechanisms that govern specificity in signal transduction networks is of
paramount importance as the ever increasing power of molecular and cellular techniques …

Cytokines of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family, including TGF-βs, bone
morphogenic proteins (BMPs), activins, and Nodal, play crucial roles in embryonic …

Members of the transforming growth factor ß (TGFß) superfamily of peptide growth factors
regulate a broad range of cellular functions, including proliferation, apoptosis, extracellular …

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) is the prototype for a large family of pleiotropic factors
that signal via heterotetrameric complexes of type I and type II serine/threonine kinase …

Signal transduction specificity in the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) system is
determined by ligand activation of a receptor complex which then recruits and …

Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) controls cellular behavior in embryonic and adult
tissues. TGFβ binding to serine/threonine kinase receptors on the plasma membrane …

TGF-β signaling controls a plethora of cellular responses and figures prominently in animal
development. Recent cellular, biochemical, and structural studies have revealed significant …