Attempts to measure phonological acquisition have largely focused on segments, with less
effort made to examine whole-word productions. This article proposes four measures …

Researchers have spent many years examining the order of acquisition of segments
(individual speech sounds), particularly consonants, and their patterns of substitution. This is …

Phonological representation for adult speakers is generally assumed to include sub-lexical
information at the level of the phoneme. Some have suggested, however, that young …

Studies based on naturalistic data are a core tool in the field of language acquisition
research and have provided thorough descriptions of children's speech. However, these …

Purpose This study examines the influence of word frequency, phonological neighborhood
density (PND), age of acquisition (AoA), and phonotactic probability on production variability …

The current study attempts to differentiate effects of phonotactic probability (ie the likelihood
of occurrence of a sound sequence), neighbourhood density (ie the number of …

Prior to Brown's (1973) introduction of mean length of utterance in morphemes (MLUm),
child language researchers and speech-language pathologists used mean length of …

The present study investigated phonological whole‐word measures and consonant
accuracy in bilingual and monolingual children to investigate how target approximations …

To examine interactions between young children's vocabulary size and their phonological
abilities, spontaneous language samples were collected from 24-month-olds with …

We describe the development of a set of five equivalent checklists to assess word production
of children in their second year. The words on each list do not overlap, but represent …