This tutorial review provides an overview of bio-directed synthesis of nanomaterials, starting
with the foundation of biomineralization research—how organisms are able to biomineralize …

This first comprehensive overview of the modern aspects of biomineralization represents life
and materials science at its best: Bioinspired pathways are the hot topics in many disciplines …

Biomineralization, the process by which biological systems direct the synthesis of inorganic
structures from organic templates, is an exquisite example of nanomaterial self-assembly in …

Bionanotechnology, the use of biological resources to produce novel, valuable
nanomaterials, has witnessed tremendous developments over the past two decades. This …

Living organisms are well known for building a wide range of specially designed organic–
inorganic hybrid materials such as bone, teeth, and shells, which are highly sophisticated in …

Biomineralization refers to a native biosynthesis process whereby the organisms fabricate
hierarchical organic-inorganic composites for life maintenance, growth, and biological …

Biomimetic mineralization is a powerful approach for the synthesis of advanced materials
with complex shape, hierarchical organization and controlled size, shape and polymorph …

Throughout the course of evolution, organisms have produced biominerals with hierarchical
structures derived from organic templates. Over the last couple of decades, scientists have …

Biomineral formation is critical to biological functions of living organisms. For this reason, the
synthesis of complex organic-inorganic composites that typify mineralized tissue such as …

Organisms produce various organic/inorganic hybrid materials, which are called
biominerals. They form through the self-organization of organic molecules and inorganic …