Autophagy delivers cytoplasmic constituents to autophagolysosomes and is linked to both
innate and adaptive immunity. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling induces autophagy and …

Cerebral infarction can cause secondary degeneration of thalamus and delay functional
recovery. However, the mechanisms underlying secondary degeneration are unclear. The …

Highlights•Aβ 1− 42-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in BV-2 microglia is mediated
through TLR4.•TLR4/NLRP3 signaling plays a critical role in Aβ 1− 42-induced …

Autophagy is a fundamental cellular homeostatic mechanism, whereby cells autodigest
parts of their cytoplasm for removal or turnover. Neurodegenerative disorders are associated …

Background Autophagy is a major pathway of protein and organelle degradation in the
lysosome. Autophagy exists at basal constitutive level and can be induced as a defense …

Beclin 1 is a protein involved in the regulation of autophagy and has been shown to be
reduced in patients with Alzheimer disease. This review summarizes the current research …

Excessive and prolonged neuroinflammation following traumatic brain injury (TBI)
contributes to long-term tissue damage and poor functional outcomes. However, the …

Prion diseases are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of
misfolded prion protein, spongiform changes in the brain, and brain inflammation as a result …

The expression of some proteins in the autophagy pathway declines with age, which may
impact neurodegeneration in diseases, including Alzheimer's Disease. We have identified a …

Autophagy is a major self-degradative process that maintains cellular homeostasis and
function in mammalian cells. Autophagic dysfunction occurs in the early pathogenesis of …