The nanometer-sized plate-like morphology of bone mineral is necessary for proper bone
mechanics and physiology. However, mechanisms regulating the morphology of these …

The unique and frequently beautiful morphologies that characterize many biominerals have
long been a source of fascination. While research began by looking first at individual …

Many organisms incorporate inorganic solids in their tissues to enhance their functional,
primarily mechanical, properties. These mineralized tissues, also called biominerals, are …

Acidic proteins are critical to biomineral formation, although their precise mechanistic
function remains poorly understood. A number of recent studies have suggested a …

Calcium carbonate is the most abundant biomineral that is biogenically formed with a vast
array of nano and microscale features. Among the less stable polymorphs present in …

The intricate process of biomineralization, eg in sea urchins, involves the precise interplay of
highly regulated mineralization proteins and the spatiotemporal coordination achieved …

Many organisms form crystals from transient amorphous precursor phases. In cases where
the precursor phases were imaged, they were seen to consist of nanosphere particles …

Organization of nanosized entities across many length scales poses a major challenge in
the development and production of man-made materials with advanced functions. In …

Bone is a hierarchically structured composite material which, in addition to its obvious
biological value, has been well studied by the materials engineering community because of …

In Nature living organisms use a whole range of organic-inorganic hybrid materials for a
variety of purposes, including mechanical support, navigation, protection, and defense. 1, 2 …