Corticosteroid effects on cognitive abilities during behavioral adaptation to stress are
mediated by two types of receptors. While the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is mainly …

Background and Purpose: Stress-induced central effects are regulated by brain
neurotransmitters, glucocorticoids and oxidative processes. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate …

In order to clarify the interactions between monoaminergic and cholinergic systems in
working and reference memory functions, the effects of administration of the α, β-adrenergic …

The effects exerted by oxiracetam on the disruption of performance induced by scopolamine
in the radial arm maze were investigated in overtrained rats. Scopolamine induced a dose …

Restraint stress for ten days (two times two hours daily) induces a hypersensitivity of the
central cholinergic system, reflected by antagonism to amnesia induced by scopolamine at …

Hippocampal norepinephrine release was measured using in vivo microdialysis in rats
before and after exposure to inescapable tail shock stress and after testing for learned …

The brain noradrenergic system is activated by stress, modulating the activity of forebrain
regions involved in behavioral and neuroendocrine responses to stress. In this study, we …

Translational approaches to study the neural substrates of stress and assess the
mechanistic efficacy of novel anti-anxiety agents necessitate the use of stressors with a …

Psychological stress may lead to long-lasting brain dysfunction, specifically altered
emotional and cognitive capabilities. Previous studies have demonstrated persistent …

The present study was aimed at testing the hypothesis (based mainly on biochemical
evidence) of the implication of brain serotonergic neurons in the induction of learned …