The asympotic normal approximation to the distribution of the estimated measure [kcirc] for
evaluating agreement between two raters has been shown to perform poorly for small …

Although the kappa statistic is widely used in measuring interrater agreement, it is known
that the standard confidence interval estimation behaves poorly in small samples and for …

This paper gives a method for determining a sample size that will achieve a prespecified
bound on confidence interval width for the interrater agreement measure, κ. The same …

In 1960, Cohen introduced the kappa coefficient to measure chance‐corrected nominal
scale agreement between two raters. Since then, numerous extensions and generalizations …

Many estimators of the measure of agreement between two raters have been proposed. We
consider four estimators which have been shown to be interpretable as corrected for chance …

Kappa statistics, unweighted or weighted, are widely used for assessing interrater
agreement. The weights of the weighted kappa statistics in particular are defined in terms of …

Cohen's kappa is a standard tool for the analysis of agreement in a 2× 2 reliability study.
Researchers are frequently only interested in the kappa‐value of a sample. Various authors …

Abstract 2 statistics, kappa and weighted kappa, are available for measuring agreement
between 2 raters on a nominal scale. Formulas for the standard errors of these 2 statistics …

Published results on the use of the kappa coefficient of agreement have traditionally been
concerned with situations where a large number of subjects is classified by a small group of …

Sample size requirements that achieve a prespecified expected lower limit for a confidence
interval about the intraclass kappa statistic are supplied for the case of multiple raters and a …