In our previous study, the plasma-polymerization rapid-freeze replica (PPRFR) method has
been developed for observing biological specimens in a natural state and at high resolution …

The plasma-polymerization replica method is a unique replica technique for transmission
electron microscopy. In the present study, we used this method in combination with a rapid …

Sodium dodecyl sulfate–treated freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL) is an electron
microscopic (EM) method that can define the two-dimensional distribution of membrane …

A new cryo-scanning electron microscope (cryo-SEM) allows observation of structures in a
frozen sample, firstly by cryo-SEM and then by freeze-replicas. This cryo.-SEM was used to …

A new cryo-system which consists essentially of a freeze-etching unit attached directly to the
scanning electron microscope (SEM) with a cold stage was developed. The present study …

A simple, inexpensive and easily made device is described in which specimens can be
freeze‐dried on electron microscope grids before shadowing. The device can be used with …

A method is described for the cryofixation of biological specimens for ultrastructural analysis
and immunocytochemical detection studies. The method employs plunge freezing of …

Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy (LTSEM) involves three main operational
phases: 1. The specimen is rapidly frozen (“quench-frozen”) after which it is maintained …

Following the pioneering work of Steere on replicas of freeze-fractured plant viruses in 1957,
Haggis obtained the first successful freeze-fractured replicas of cellular material in 1961. In …

The application of freeze-drying to electron microscopy (EM) involves rapid freezing of the
specimen followed by the removal of the frozen water by controlled sublimation. In the …