Aims To determine the effects of early sacral neuromodulation (SNM) and pudendal
neuromodulation (PNM) on lower urinary tract (LUT) function, minipigs with complete spinal …

Background: Compared to conventional therapies, sacral neuromodulation (SNM) may offer
an alternative, non-destructive treatment for SCI patients with bladder dysfunction …

Background Neurogenic bladder associated with spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in
serious disruption of lower urinary tract function. Compared to conventional therapies, sacral …

Introduction Sacral neuromodulation has been considered as an effective treatment option
for various types of chronic voiding dysfunction, but the mechanism of action has not been …

Methods: In this study, we investigated the mechanism of action of non-invasive SNM using
TAMS on our established spinal cord injury (SCI) animal model. We demonstrated that …

Purpose We investigated the effects of different stimulation frequencies on the inhibition of
bladder overactivity by sacral neuromodulation (SNM) in pigs. Methods Implant-driven …

Background The study aim was to investigate potential influences on human nerves and
pelvic organs through early implantation of bilateral sacral nerve modulators (SNMs) in …

Neurogenic bladder management after spinal cord injury (SCI) is very challenging. Daily
urethral catheterization is most commonly used to empty the bladder, which causes frequent …

Objectives: To determine the inhibitory effects of pudendal nerve stimulation (5 Hz) on
bladder overactivity at the early stage of spinal cord injury (SCI) in dogs, and to explore the …

Spinal cord epidural stimulation (SCS) represents a form of neuromodulation for the
management of spasticity and pain. This technology has recently emerged as a new …