Publisher Summary This chapter begins with a description of the microbial groups carrying
out nitrification and their distribution in major habitats. This is followed by a discussion of the …

Denitrification is the dissimilatory reduction of nitrate to volatile products (nitrous oxide or
dinitrogen) via nitrite. It is performed by a variety of bacteria that are widely distributed in …

This chapter on describes the physiology and biochemical pathways of heterotrophic
nitrification and nitrifier denitrification, a description of the genetic and organism diversity …

The effect of ammonium addition (6.5, 58, and 395 μg of NH4+-N g [dry weight] of soil− 1) on
soil microbial communities was explored. For medium and high ammonium concentrations …

Generally, a high carbon to nitrogen (C: N) ratio is considered an important factor inducing
heterotrophic nitrification in acidic soils; however, few studies have investigated the …

Mineralisation, nitrification and denitrification are major processes in the soil nitrogen cycle
(see Schulze, Fig. 1.2, this Vol. Chap. 1). Nitrogen (N) mineralisation is by definition the …

Ammonia oxidation, the first step in nitrification, is performed by autotrophic bacteria and
thaumarchaea, whose relative contributions vary in different soils. Distinctive environmental …

The isolation of acid-adapted ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) has suggested the
functional importance of AOB in acidic soils. However, there is, currently, no convincing …

Nitrite is a common intermediate in at least three different oxidative or reductive biochemical
pathways that occur in nature (nitrification, denitrification and dissimilatory or assimilatory …

Nitrification as it occurs in soils is a strictly biological process due, so far as is known, to a
few genera of chemoautotrophic bacteria. These are the nitrifying bacteria, or nitrifiers. They …