As an evolutionarily conserved mechanism, innate immunity controls self-nonself
discrimination to protect a host from invasive pathogens. Macrophages are major …

Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) induces phosphorylation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) at
tyrosine 759 and subsequently triggers signaling pathways to promote interferon-β (IFN-β) …

Macrophage motility is crucial in innate immunity. Toll-like receptors (TLRs), members of the
interleukin-1 receptor superfamily, are a family of transmembrane pattern recognition …

The Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a pivotal role in innate immunity for the detection of
highly conserved, pathogen-expressed molecules. Previously, we demonstrated that …

Cytokine‐driven inflammation and tissue destruction is a common theme of chronic
inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis …

Src family kinases (SFKs) are a family of protein tyrosine kinases containing nine members:
Src, Lyn, Fgr, Hck, Lck, Fyn, Blk, Yes, and Ylk. Although SFK activation is a major immediate …

To study the role of c-Src kinase in pro-oxidant-induced stimulation of Toll-like receptor 4
(TLR4), we used lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli K12 (LPS-EK) and …

In innate immune cells, pathogens and danger signals activate TLRs, unleashing potent and
tailored inflammatory responses. Previously, we reported that an immune-specific …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize pathogen-and host-derived factors and control immune
responses via the adaptor protein MyD88 and members of the interferon regulatory …

Toll-like receptors play a vital role in cell-mediated immunity, which is crucial for the immune
system's defense against pathogens and maintenance of homeostasis. The interaction …