The posterior predictive check (PPC) is a model evaluation tool. It assigns a value (p PPC) to
the probability that the value of a given statistic computed from data arising under an …

Three models, linked in series, can be used to analyze combined pharmacokinetic (PK) and
pharmacodynamic (PD) data arising from non—steady‐state experiments. A PK model …

To evaluate by simulation the statistical properties of normalized prediction distribution
errors (NPDE), prediction discrepancies (pd), standardized prediction errors (SPE) …

Abstract The Visual Predictive Check (VPC) is a valuable and supportive instrument for
evaluating model performance. However in its most commonly applied form, the method …

We describe a variation on an approach to simultaneous modeling of pharmacokinetics (PK)
and pharmacodynamics (PD). Both approaches model the often‐observed time lag between …

When modeling new data with a complex population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic
model, there may not be sufficient information to obtain estimates of all parameters. In this …

My theses are (a) most of the time we cannot determine which specific model applies to one
or more sets of data, but only which class of model applies;(b) when linear pharmacokinetics …

The visual predictive check (VPC) is a commonly used approach in model evaluation.
However, it may not be feasible to conduct a VPC, or the results of a VPC could be …

Abstract Dose [-concentration]-effect relationships can be obtained by fitting a predictive
pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) model to both concentration and effect …

One major task in clinical pharmacology is to determine the pharmacokinetic-
pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) parameters of a drug in a patient population. NONMEM is a …