Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), together with MD-2, binds bacterial endotoxins (E) with high
affinity, triggering formation of the activated homodimer (E. MD-2. TLR4) 2. Activated TLR4 …

Activation or inhibition of TLR4 by small molecules will provide in the next few years a new
generation of therapeutics. TLR4 stimulation (agonism) by high-affinity ligands mimicking …

Abstract Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family, is
involved in innate immunity and mediates inflammatory responses by recognizing …

Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) is one of the receptors of innate immunity. It is activated by
Pathogen-and Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) and triggers …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a central role in host defense by inducing inflammatory and
adaptive immune responses following infection. Drugs that target TLRs are of considerable …

Early recognition of invading bacteria by the innate immune system has a crucial function in
antibacterial defense by triggering inflammatory responses that prevent the spread of …

Conspectus Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are the “gatekeepers” of the immune system in
humans and other animals to protect the host from invading bacteria, viruses, and other …

The human immune response is mediated through two parallel immune components. The
innate immunes system responds to pathogens and abnormal cells through multiple cell …

The discovery of the TLRs family and more precisely its functions opened a variety of gates
to modulate immunological host responses. TLRs 7/8 are located in the endosomal …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that recognize pathogen-associated
molecular patterns (PAMPs) and damaged-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and …