Every year in autumn, myriads of migrating birds leave their breeding areas and start the
long flight towards their wintering areas, which often are thousands of kilometres away …

The increasing number of experimental investigations of migratory orientation and homing in
birds have repeatedly given rise to suggestions that orientation mechanisms may be species …

Wildlife migration is a spectacular phenomenon [1]. Studies using telemetry—tracking
devices attached on free-living animals—have shown that large topographic barriers and …

During the breeding period white-chinned petrels (Procellaria aequinoctialis) repeatedly
perform long foraging trips in the open ocean from their breeding island, and are able to …

If it is true that science proceeds from a romantic through a scientific to a technological stage,
then research on bird orientation is certainly on its move from its first to its second grade, and …

Summary 'True navigation'indicates that animals can move toward a destination without
using familiar landmarks. Migratory birds apparently achieve this by extrapolating their …

Many animals have some kind of 'home'–a nest, a burrow, etc. This applies to insects that
build nests and provide their larvae with food just as much as to numerous species of …

This paper reviews various long-distance orientation and navigation mechanisms believed
responsible for bird migration patterns observed in nature. Birds appear to have developed …

Massive bird migration across continents and seas is one of the most spectacular
phenomena in nature, involving billions of birds annually. In the autumn, most birds on …

Navigation can be defined in a number of ways. Most commonly, navigation is defined in
terms of the movements of vertebrates, usually birds, over large distances (Able, 2001; …