Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, has been approved to have analgesic effects. It is
known that nitric oxide pathway is involved in antinociception but with dual effects. In this …

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In pain management, alternative medications are necessary due to
the development of tolerance to traditional opioid analgesics. Literature data suggest that N …

Although the properties of ketamine appear to be well characterized, there is a lot of
ambiguity in the literature regarding its analgesic effects. After careful selection of proper …

Background. Glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are known for their
importance in the perseverance of chronic neuropathic pain. Ketamine, an intravenous …

The N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, an ionotropic glutamate receptor, may play a
significant role in the development and maintenance of an inflammatory pain. Activation of …

Ketamine is a drug largely used in clinical practice as an anesthetic and it can also be used
as an analgesic to manage chronic pain symptoms. Despite its interactions with several …

We investigated the contribution of NO-cyclic GMP (cGMP) pathway to the antinociceptive
effects of ketamine in mice by using the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, nitrog-L-arginine …

It is generally believed that NMDA receptor antagonism accounts for most of the anesthetic
and analgesic effects of ketamine, however, it interacts at multiple sites in the central …

Neuropathic pain is a challenging pain disorder that physicians commonly encounter.
Stemming from damage to nerves, cancerous invasion or dysregulatory patterns in the …

Intrathecal or epidural administration of NMDA (N-methyl-d-aspartate) receptors antagonists,
in special ketamine and ifenprodil are used to control moderate to severe hyperalgesia in …