The soil-dwelling bacterium Bacillus subtilis differentiates into distinct subpopulations of
specialized cells that coexist within highly structured communities. The coordination and …

Initial attempts to use colony morphogenesis as a tool to investigate bacterial multicellularity
were limited by the fact that laboratory strains often have lost many of their developmental …

The biotechnology industry has become a key element in modern societies. Within this
industry, the production of recombinant enzymes and biopharmaceutical proteins is of major …

Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive bacterium that is well known for its ability to differentiate
into metabolically inactive spores that are highly resistant to environmental stresses. In fact …

Bacillus subtilis regulates its ability to differentiate into distinct, co-existing cell types in
response to extracellular signaling molecules produced either by itself, or present in its …

Upon nutritional limitation, the bacterium Bacillus subtilis has the capability to enter the
irreversible process of sporulation. This developmental process is bistable, and only a …

Regulatory pathways involving two-component histidine kinase/response regulator proteins
of Bacillus subtilis are highly interconnected and form a signal transduction network …

The spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis is capable of assembling multicellular
communities (biofilms) that display a high degree of spatiotemporal organization. Wild …

ABSTRACT Next to Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis is the most studied and best
understood organism that also serves as a model for many important pathogens. Due to its …

The organization of cells, emerging from cell–cell interactions, can give rise to collective
properties. These properties are adaptive when together cells can face environmental …