Phytopathogenic fungi secrete a large arsenal of effector molecules, including
proteinaceous effectors, small RNAs, phytohormones and derivatives thereof. The …

Fungal pathogens can secrete hundreds of effectors, some of which are known to promote
host susceptibility. This biological complexity, together with the lack of genetic tools in some …

Plants can be colonized by fungi that have adopted highly diverse lifestyles, ranging from
symbiotic to necrotrophic. Colonization is governed in all systems by hundreds of secreted …

Pathogenic fungi have diverse growth lifestyles that support fungal colonization on plants.
Successful colonization and infection for all lifestyles depends upon the ability to modify …

Highlights•Effectors enable robust interkingdom communication at the fungus–plant
interface.•Fungi produce novel metabolites and/or phytohormone mimics during host …

Phytopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and oomycetes invade and colonize their host plants
through distinct routes. These pathogens secrete diverse groups of effector proteins that aid …

Biotrophic pathogens derive nutrients from living cells by maintaining host viability. This host
Maintenance sustain through highly specialized structural and biochemical relations. For …

Phyto-pathogenic fungi can cause huge damage to crop production. During millions of years
of coexistence, fungi have evolved diverse life-style to obtain nutrients from the host and to …

Plants are able to recognize conserved features of potential microbial invaders and mount
an active defense in most cases. Over the course of evolution, a number of these microbes …

One of the most complex challenges faced by plant-associated microbes is to modulate the
host's physiology to mitigate the defense response, gain nutrition, and reproduce (Torto …