CRISPR-Cas9,-Cas12a,-Cas12b, and-Cas13 have been harnessed for genome
engineering in human and plant cells (Liu et al., 2022). However, the large size of these Cas …

The CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as a versatile molecular tool for genome editing in
various organisms, including plants. In this system, the specificity of Cas9-directed DNA …

CRISPR-Cas9 systems have been widely used in animals and plants for genome editing,
epigenetic modification, etc.(Cong et al., 2013; Hilton et al., 2015). However, the accurate …

CRISPR-Cas systems can be expressed in multiple ways, with different capabilities
regarding tissue-specific expression, efficiency, and expression levels. Thus far, three …

CRISPR/Cas9 is a versatile tool for plant gene function studies and crop improvement.
However, traditional CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing requires plant tissue culture …

Since its first appearance, CRISPR–Cas9 has been developed extensively as a
programmable genome-editing tool, opening a new era in plant genome engineering …

Many Cas9-derived base editors have been developed for precise C–to–T and A–to–G base
editing in plants (Molla et al., 2021). They are typically based on a SpCas9 nickase or its …

A variety of sequence-specific nucleases (SSNs) have been successfully used for plant
genome editing. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) …

CRISPR-Cas12a is a promising genome editing system for targeting AT-rich genomic
regions. Comprehensive genome engineering requires simultaneous targeting of multiple …

The development of clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)‐
associated protein (Cas) variants with a broader recognition scope is critical for further …