Ethinyl estradiol and 17β-estradiol in combined oral contraceptives: pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and risk assessment
FZ Stanczyk, DF Archer, BR Bhavnani - Contraception, 2013 - Elsevier
The need to seek improved combined oral contraceptive (COC) efficacy, with fewer health
risks and better acceptability, has been ongoing since the introduction of COCs more than …
risks and better acceptability, has been ongoing since the introduction of COCs more than …
Review of clinical experience with estradiol in combined oral contraceptives
F Fruzzetti, J Bitzer - Contraception, 2010 - Elsevier
Previous attempts to replace ethinylestradiol (EE) with 17β-estradiol (E2) in combined oral
contraceptives (COCs) have proved unsatisfactory in terms of bleeding outcomes. A review …
contraceptives (COCs) have proved unsatisfactory in terms of bleeding outcomes. A review …
An overview of the development of combined oral contraceptives containing estradiol: focus on estradiol valerate/dienogest
F Fruzzetti, F Trémollieres, J Bitzer - Gynecological Endocrinology, 2012 - Taylor & Francis
Natural estrogens such as estradiol (E2) or its valerate ester (E2V) offer an alternative to
ethinyl estradiol (EE). E2-containing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have …
ethinyl estradiol (EE). E2-containing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have …
Pharmacokinetics of an oral contraceptive containing oestradiol valerate and dienogest
S Zeun, M Lu, A Uddin, B Zeiler… - The European Journal …, 2009 - Taylor & Francis
Objective To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of a combined oral contraceptive (OC)
containing oestradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG) administered according to a four-phasic …
containing oestradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG) administered according to a four-phasic …
Ovulation inhibition with four variations of a four-phasic estradiol valerate/dienogest combined oral contraceptive: results of two prospective, randomized, open-label …
J Endrikat, S Parke, D Trummer, W Schmidt, I Duijkers… - Contraception, 2008 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: Attempts to improve the tolerability of combined oral contraceptives (COCs)
have included the substitution of ethinylestradiol (EE) with 17β-estradiol (E2). However, this …
have included the substitution of ethinylestradiol (EE) with 17β-estradiol (E2). However, this …
Pharmacodynamics of combined estrogen-progestin oral contraceptives: 1. Effects on metabolism
C Bastianelli, M Farris, E Rosato, I Brosens… - Expert review of …, 2017 - Taylor & Francis
Introduction: The risk-benefit profile of any pharmacologic agent must be evaluated against
risks connected with the events to be avoided. This is especially true in the case of hormonal …
risks connected with the events to be avoided. This is especially true in the case of hormonal …
Efficacy, cycle control, and side effects of low-and lower-dose oral contraceptives: a randomized trial of 20 μg and 35 μg estrogen preparations
MJ Rosenberg, A Meyers, V Roy - Contraception, 1999 - Elsevier
Estrogen content represents a tradeoff between cycle control and side effects, but few direct
comparisons of 20 and 30/35 μg preparations are available. To address this issue, we …
comparisons of 20 and 30/35 μg preparations are available. To address this issue, we …
Pharmacokinetic drug interactions involving 17α-ethinylestradiol: a new look at an old drug
H Zhang, D Cui, B Wang, YH Han, P Balimane… - Clinical …, 2007 - Springer
Abstract 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE) is widely used as the estrogenic component of oral
contraceptives (OC). In vitro and in vivo metabolism studies indicate that EE is extensively …
contraceptives (OC). In vitro and in vivo metabolism studies indicate that EE is extensively …
Bleeding pattern and cycle control with an estradiol-based oral contraceptive: a seven-cycle, randomized comparative trial of estradiol valerate/dienogest and ethinyl …
HJ Ahrendt, D Makalová, S Parke, U Mellinger… - Contraception, 2009 - Elsevier
BACKGROUND: This study compared the bleeding pattern, cycle control and safety of an
oral contraceptive (OC) comprising estradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG; administered …
oral contraceptive (OC) comprising estradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG; administered …
Characteristics and metabolic effects of estrogen and progestins contained in oral contraceptive pills
R Sitruk-Ware, A Nath - Best practice & research Clinical endocrinology & …, 2013 - Elsevier
Estrogen and progestins have been used by millions of women as effective combined oral
contraceptives. Oral contraceptives (OCs) modify surrogate markers such as lipoproteins …
contraceptives. Oral contraceptives (OCs) modify surrogate markers such as lipoproteins …