Regulation of growth of the fetus and its placenta begins before pregnancy. Early in
pregnancy the mother sets the rate of growth of the fetus on a trajectory, which may be …

Low birthweight in relation to the length of gestation, is now known to be associated with
increased rates of coronary heart disease and the related disorders stroke, hypertension …

This report summarizes a meeting sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and
Development to review important scientific contributions over the past several years that …

CONSTRAINT ON FETAL GROWTH There is considerable evidence that the regulation of
fetal growth differs from that of postnatal growth. Postnatal growth is limited only by genetic …

Babies who are small or disproportionate at birth, or who have altered placental growth are
now known to have increased rates of coronary heart disease, hypertension and non-insulin …

Alterations in fetal growth trajectory, either in terms of individual organs or the fetal body,
constitute part of a suite of adaptive responses that the fetus can make to a developmental …

In the modern world, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death for both men and
women. Epidemiologic studies consistently have suggested an association between low …

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is the failure of a fetus to reach its full genetic growth potential.
It occurs in up to 8% of pregnancies, and after premature birth is the second leading cause …

Recent epidemiological and experimental studies show that abnormal fetal growth can lead
to serious complications, including stillbirth, perinatal morbidity and disorders extending well …

The interaction between genetic constitution and in utero environment determines fetal
growth and development and influences the susceptibility to certain disorders in adulthood …