Background: Hemodynamic fluctuations in response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation
and their potential hazards have been well-recognized, especially in hypertensive patients …

Background: The present study was undertaken to compare and evaluate the efficacy of
intravenous (IV) fentanyl and lignocaine airway nebulization and a combination of both in …

Background Induction of anesthesia and endotracheal intubation often creates a period of
hemodynamic instability in hypertensive patients. Endotracheal intubation of the trachea …

Purpose Hypertensive patients are prone to haemodynamic changes after laryngoscopy and
tracheal intubation. This study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of a combination of …

Materials and Methods: Ninety female patients belonging to American Society of
Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I, II, and III in age group 25-65 years, body mass …

Methods Seventy five ASA I and II status normotensive patients scheduled for elective
surgical procedures were selected randomly and divided into three groups of 25 each. All …

Background: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation induce potentially harmful hemodynamic
response. None of the advocated methods had been accepted as the most effective option …

Background: Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation result in tachycardia and
hypertension. This response is exaggerated in hypertensive patients who are at risk of …

Introduction: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation after the induction of anaesthesia, are
nearly always associated with sympathetic hyperactivity. To 'blunt'this pressor response …

Eighty patients, ASA physical status II-IV, scheduled for noncardiac surgery, were randomly
assigned in a double-blind, placebo-controlled manner to receive a preintubation dose of …