Background: The aim of this present study was to determine serum biomarker levels and
their correlation with respiratory function and the clinical course of patients with idiopathic …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis involves multiple pathways,
and combined antifibrotic therapy is needed for future IPF therapy. Inhaled interferon-γ (IFN …

Type 2 insulin-like growth factor (IGF-II) levels are increased in fibrosing lung diseases such
as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and scleroderma/systemic sclerosis-associated …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a disease with progressive and devastating
deterioration of lung function and a fatal prognosis, despite aggressive therapeutic attempts …

BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fibroproliferative disorder. Cytokines
contribute an important but yet undefined role to its pathogenesis. OBJECTIVES: The …

Immunoglobulin (Ig) A is an important immunoglobulin in mucosal immunity and protects the
lungs against invading pathogens. The production of IgA is regulated by transforming growth …

Objective IGF1 and its most abundant binding protein, IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3), have
been implicated in fibrotic lung diseases and persistent acute respiratory distress syndrome …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic and ultimately fatal disease
characterized by a progressive decline in lung function. Fibrotic diseases, such as IPF, are …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease with limited therapeutic
possibilities. FGF19 (fibroblast growth factor 19), an endocrine FGF, was recently shown to …

Background Lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer worldwide.
Conventional studies mainly think that insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding …