Programmed cell death (PCD) is essential for proper growth, development, and cellular
homeostasis in all eukaryotes. The regulation of PCD is of central importance in plant …

Plant pathogens secrete proteins, known as effectors, that function in the apoplast or inside
plant cells to promote virulence. Effector recognition by cell-surface or cytosolic receptors …

Effector proteins secreted by plant pathogens are essential for infection. Cytoplasmic RXLR
effectors from oomycetes are characterized by the presence of RXLR and EER motifs that …

Many fungi and oomycete species are devasting plant pathogens. These eukaryotic
filamentous pathogens secrete effector proteins to facilitate plant infection. Fungi and …

Colletotrichum fructicola is a fungal pathogen that causes Camellia oleifera anthracnose.
Mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade signaling regulates plants defenses and is …

During the past decade, many genomes have been sequenced from fungal and oomycete
pathogens that interact biotrophically with plants, ie they thrive at least initially on living plant …

Plant pathogenic fungi deploy secreted proteins into apoplastic space or intracellular lumen
to promote successful infections during plant-pathogen interactions. In the present study …

Colletotrichum orbiculare, the causal agent of cucumber anthracnose, infects Nicotiana
benthamiana. Functional screening of C. orbiculare cDNAs in a virus vector-based plant …

Heterodera avenae is one of the most important plant pathogens and causes vast losses in
cereal crops. As a sedentary endoparasitic nematode, H. avenae secretes effectors that …

Microbes employ effectors to disrupt immune responses and promote host colonization.
Conserved motifs including RXLR, LFLAK-HVLVxxP (CRN), Y/F/WxC, CFEM, LysM, Chitin …