Many monophagous animals have coevolutionary relationships with bacteria that provide
unavailable nutrients to the host. Frequently, these microbial partners are vertically inherited …

Numerous honeybee (Apis mellifera) products, such as honey, propolis, and bee venom, are
used in traditional medicine to prevent illness and promote healing. Therefore, this insect …

The insect's microbiota is well acknowledged as a “hidden” player influencing essential
insect traits. The gut microbiome of butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) has been shown to …

Microbial consortia accompanied to all eukaryotes can be inherited from ancestors,
environment, and/or from various food source. Gut microbiota study is an emerging …

Diet and gut microbiomes are intricately linked on both short and long timescales. Changes
in diet can alter the microbiome, while microbes in turn allow hosts to access novel diets …

Agricultural economic development strongly relies on the health of pollinators including
honeybees. Honeybee health is afflicted by multiple risk factors such as toxicity from …

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are well recognized beneficial host-associated members of the
microbiota of humans and animals. Yet LAB-associations of invertebrates have been poorly …

Not all bacterial gut symbionts are necessarily beneficial to the host. Some of them may be
neutral while others can even have detrimental effects. Determining the impact of individual …

A wealth of information remains to be discovered on the functional and evolutionary
significance of microbial interactions within hosts. In this review, the simple digestive tract …

Background: There are at least three distinct European leech species used medicinally:
Hirudo medicinalis, H. orientalis, and H. verbana. Infection caused by leech microbiota is the …