This letter reviews the scientific literature on whether and how environmental changes affect
the risk of violent conflict. The available evidence from qualitative case studies indicates that …

Disasters play a key role in debates about climate change, environmental stress, and
security. A qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) investigates how major climate-related …

Does the occurrence of a natural disaster such as an earthquake, volcanic eruption,
tsunami, flood, hurricane, epidemic, heat wave, and/or plague increase the risk of violent …

Abstract Edward Miguel, Shanker Satyanath, and Ernest Sergenti (2004), henceforth MSS,
argue that lower rainfall levels and negative rainfall shocks increase conflict risk in sub …

Understanding the risk of armed conflict is essential for promoting peace. Although the
relationship between climate variability and armed conflict has been studied by the research …

In recent decades, the number of countries with ongoing civil wars and the share of these
countries in the international system have increased dramatically. At the same time, the …

A recent study by Burke et al.[Burke M, Miguel E, Satyanath S, Dykema J, Lobell D (2009)
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106 (49): 20670–20674] reports statistical evidence that the …

We re‐examine the Miguel et al. study of the impact of growth on civil war, using growth in
rainfall as an instrument. Miguel et al.–in our view, erroneously–include countries …

We investigate the relationship between a thousand-year history of violent conflict in Europe
and various reconstructions of temperature and precipitation. We find that conflict was more …

An adverse economic shock can be dangerous because its impact may be long-lived if
countries are forced into a vicious cycle of low human development and conflict. Drawing on …