Background The immune response against tuberculosis in lions is still poorly defined and
our understanding is hampered by the lack of lion specific reagents. The process for …

Interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a key Th1 cytokine, with a principal role in the immune response
against intracellular organisms such as Chlamydia. Along with being responsible for …

Abstract Evaluation of the health status of free-ranging populations is important for
understanding the impact of disease on individuals and on population demography and …

Quantification of cytokine mRNA using reverse transcription coupled with the polymerase
chain reaction (RT-PCR) has become a corner stone of the study of cytokine regulation …

Single‐strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of the second exon of the DQB
gene in the endemic New Zealand sea lion (Phocarctos hookeri) was automated using …

Biomarkers are increasingly utilised in biological research and clinical practice for diagnosis
of disease, monitoring of therapeutic prognosis, or as end points in clinical studies …

Quantification of gene expression using real-time reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-
qPCR) is a reliable method to monitor cellular responses to pro-inflammatory stimuli. The …

Abstract Characterization of the polygenic and polymorphic features of the Steller sea lion
major histocompatibility complex (MHC) provides an ideal window for evaluating …

The study of the equine immune system and inflammatory responses, by measuring cytokine
expression, can provide important insight into disease pathogenesis in the horse. A set of …

Most components of the immune system demonstrate amino acid and nucleotide sequence
homology among higher vertebrates. Cytokines, regulatory cell signalling proteins, have …