The autonomic nervous and respiratory systems, as well as their coupling, adapt over a wide
range of conditions. Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) is a model for recurrent apneas and …

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) contributes to both autonomic and
neuroendocrine function. PVN lesion or inhibition blunts cardiorespiratory responses to …

The nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS) plays a critical role in the homeostatic regulation of
respiration, blood pressure, sodium consumption and metabolic processes. Despite their …

Maintenance of cardiorespiratory homeostasis depends on autonomic reflexes controlled by
neuronal circuits of the brainstem. The neurophysiology and neuroanatomy of these reflex …

Circulating blood glucocorticoid levels are dynamic and responsive to stimuli that impact
autonomic function. In the brain stem, vagal afferent terminals release the excitatory …

Recent studies suggest that neuron–glia interactions are involved in multiple aspects of
neuronal activity regulation. In the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) neuron–glia interactions …

The nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) plays a pivotal role in the ventilatory response to
hypoxia (HVR). However, the effects of excitotoxic lesions and the potential for functional …

While it is widely accepted that tonic and reflex changes in cardiac vagal activity play
significant roles in cardiovascular function, little is known about the synaptic pathways in the …

The neuromodulatory effect of NO on glutamatergic transmission has been studied in
several brain areas. Our previous single-cell studies suggested that NO facilitates …

Inhibitory GABAergic and glycinergic neurotransmission to cardioinhibitory cardiac vagal
neurons (CVNs) increase during inspiratory activity and likely mediate respiratory sinus …