There is limited information regarding the integration of visceral and somatic afferents within
the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS). We studied the interaction of nociceptive and …

The nucleus tractus solitarii (nTS) provides the initial central synaptic relay to peripheral
chemoreceptor afferent inputs elicited by changes in oxygen tension. Insofar, the overall …

The Breuer–Hering inflation reflex is initiated by activation of the slowly adapting pulmonary
stretch receptor afferents (SARs), which monosynaptically activate second‐order relay …

Previous models have attributed changes in respiratory modulation of pontine neurons after
vagotomy to a loss of pulmonary stretch receptor “gating” of an efference copy of inspiratory …

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a therapy for epilepsy and depression. However, its
efficacy varies and its mechanism remains unclear. Prior studies have used functional …

The nodose and jugular vagal ganglia supply sensory innervation to the airways and lungs.
Jugular vagal airway sensory neurons wire into a brainstem circuit with ascending …

Activation of the vestibular system can either increase or decrease ventilation. The
objectives of the present study were to clarify whether these different responses are the …

Noradrenergic A2 neurons in nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) respond to stressors such as
hypoxia. We hypothesize that tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) knockdown in NTS reduces …

Propofol, an intravenous anesthetic, is broadly used for general anesthesia and diagnostic
sedations due to its fast onset and recovery. Propofol depresses respiratory and …

Previous studies have indicated a major role for the pons in the genesis of the respiratory
pattern. The respiratory rhythm is coupled to the cardiovascular system to ensure optimal …