The biological macromolecule Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) has
wellestablished immune-stimulating and anti-tumor activities. However, the role of Nr-CWS …

Promoting the antitumor effects of cell‐based immunotherapy for clinical application remains
a difficult challenge. Nocardia rubra cell‐wall skeleton (N‐CWS) is an immunotherapeutic …

The present study elucidated that N-CWS augments the cytolytic activity against 3LL tumor
cells of LAK cells from N-CWS-immunized mice administered ip with rIL-2. This …

Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) is reported as an external immunotherapeutic
enhancer with the advantage of antitumor effect on human cancers. However, the immune …

Cell-mediated cytotoxicity against syngeneic MC104 fibrosarcoma cells was detected in
C57BL/6N mice 7 days after tumor inoculation in the hind foot. This cytotoxicity was …

Background As an immune enhancer, Nocardia rubra cell‐wall skeleton (Nr‐CWS) has
been used to treat persistent human papillomavirus infection and cervical precancerous …

Cancer immunotherapy is a clinically validated therapeutic modality for cancer and has
been rapidly advancing in recent years. Adoptive transfer of immune cells such as T cells …

Several lines of evidences have shown that Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) has
immunoregulatory and anti-tumor activities. However, there is no information about the effect …

The Nocardia rubra cell wall skeleton (Nr-CWS) is an immunomodulator used clinically for
its ability to modulate the body's immune function. Macrophages are an important hub of the …

Background Nature killer (NK) cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunotherapy. But
it indicated that tumor cells impacted possibly on NK cell normal functions through some …