Marine magnetic anomalies 33 and 34, corresponding to the first two reversals following the
long normal polarity interval in the Cretaceous, are anomalously skewed by 30° to 40° …

A unique inclination record of geomagnetic secular variation for the past 60, 000 years (60
ka) has been obtained from continuously deposited sediments in the Gulf of California …

It is well established that the geomagnetic field, which is predominantly dipolar at the earth's
surface, has alternated between normal and reverse polarity through geologic time (Figure …

We examine selected paleomagnetic data of Tertiary age in order to assess previously
suggested models of the non-dipole portion of the paleomagnetic field. Data from three …

The dominant dipolar component of the Earth's magnetic field has been steadily weakening
for at least the last 170 years. Prior to these direct measurements, archaeomagnetic records …

Reconstructions of the geomagnetic field on long time scales are important to understand
the geodynamo processes in the Earth's core. The geomagnetic field exhibits a range of …

We present a comprehensive review of historical geomagnetic data collected over the last 2
decades by many workers, culminating in the largest such compilation in the world. It spans …

Direct observations of the geomagnetic field show that secular variation is strong in the
Atlantic hemisphere, and comparatively reduced in the Pacific region. The dipole has been …

Variations of the geomagnetic field over past millennia can be determined from
archeomagnetic data and paleomagnetic sediment records. The resolution and validity of …

Two recent studies of the geomagnetic field in the last 1Myr have found 14 excursions, large
changes in direction lasting 5–10kyr each, six of which are established as global …