Separate fields of inquiry indicate (a) that prenatal stress is associated with heightened
behavioral and physiological reactivity and (b) that these postnatal phenotypes are …

The body is colonized by an enormous array of microbes that are collectively called the
microbiota. During quiescent periods, microbial communities within the gut are relatively …

Abstract Purpose of Review We review the state of the literature examining associations
between early life stress (ELS), gut microbiota, and neurocognitive development and mental …

Prenatal maternal stress that results from general and pregnancy-specific forms of anxiety
and depression, ranging in severity from everyday hassles to experiences of traumatic …

Early exposure to stressful and adverse life events at fetal and neonatal stages is one of
crucial risk factors for mood disorders such as anxiety and depressive disorder in adulthood …

The human body contains as many bacteria in the intestine as the total number of human
body cells. These bacteria have a central position in human health and disease, and would …

Background The microbial population of the human gut (the gut microbiome) is an integral
cog in the bidirectional communication axis that exists between the gastrointestinal tract and …

Recent studies demonstrate that exposure to stress changes the composition of the
intestinal microbiota, which is associated with development of stress-induced changes to …

Maternal prenatal stress has been often associated with infant physical development and
health, as well as psychological functioning and behavior. However, the mechanisms …

Objective Stress is common among pregnant individuals and is associated with an altered
gut microbiota composition in infants. It is unknown if these compositional changes persist …