The communication between the gut and the brain is important for the control of energy
homeostasis. In response to food intake, enteroendocrine cells secrete gut hormones, which …

This review highlights evidence for a role of the vagus nerve in the development of obesity
and how targeting the vagus nerve with neuromodulation or pharmacology can be used as a …

Food interacts with sensors all along the alimentary canal to provide the brain with
information regarding its composition, energy content, and beneficial effect. Vagal afferents …

Given the crucial role of the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs in handling nutrient
assimilation and metabolism, it has long been known that its communication with the brain is …

Although the gastrointestinal tract contains intrinsic neural plexuses that allow a significant
degree of independent control over gastrointestinal functions, the central nervous system …

Meals are the functional units of food intake in humans and mammals, and physiologic
approaches to understanding the controls of meal size have demonstrated that the presence …

The vagal link between the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system (CNS) has
numerous vital functions for maintaining homeostasis. The regulation of energy balance is …

The hypothalamus is a center of food intake and energy metabolism regulation. Information
signals from peripheral organs are mediated through the circulation or the vagal afferent …

The nervous system both monitors and modulates body metabolism to maintain
homoeostasis. In disease states such as obesity and diabetes, the neurometabolic interface …

Highlights•Vagal afferent neurons (VANs) directly sense fats, carbohydrates and possibly
proteins.•Update on GLP1 and ghrelin signaling in VANs.•Novel role of VANs in the long …