Current methods of analysis for the seismic response of tunnels rely on linear elastic soil
constitutive behaviour. This has obvious benefits in terms of minimising the number of soil …

The increments of the internal forces induced by an earthquake in the transverse section of a
tunnel lining can be ascribed to the ovalisation of the section, induced by soil shear straining …

Major seismic events have shown that tunnels in cohesionless soils may suffer extensive
seismic damage. Proper modelling can be of great importance for predicting and assessing …

Response of tunnels to earthquake induced loads is a complex dynamic soil-structure
interaction problem. While there seems to be a general consensus that tunnels in rock …

Effects induced by earthquakes in a tunnel lining can be assessed with several methods at
increasing levels of complexity, by evaluating the load increments from a free-field seismic …

Seismic design of structures is commonly performed by using design spectra by national
technical codes or, in some “advanced” designs, by using design acceleration time-histories …

During an earthquake, the presence of tunnels may affect the seismic wave propagation in
the involving soil and in turns the response of aboveground structures. At the same time, the …

This paper examines the effect of the stress disturbance induced by tunnel construction on
the completed tunnel's seismic response. The convergence-confinement method is used to …

In this paper a set of 2D FEM analyses of tunnel behaviour during seismic loading is
presented using a traditional and a more advanced numerical approaches. The numerical …

Current research extensively uses two-dimensional (2D) modelling to simulate tunnels
under seismic loading and predict their dynamic response. However, 2D approaches …