Purpose: Ethanol serves as a solvent and microbial preservative in oral liquid medications
and is the second most commonly used solvent in liquid medications following water …

Introduction Ethanol has been used for years in neonatal and infant liquid medications, yet
the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of ethanol in this vulnerable …

Background Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit may be exposed to ethanol via
medications that contain ethanol as an excipient and through inhalation of ethanol vapor …

Primary ethanol metabolism occurs through alcohol dehydrogenase, but minor metabolic
pathways such as the P450 enzymes CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 and the enzyme catalase exist …

OBJECTIVE Ethanol is a common excipient used in liquid medications to enhance solubility
and inhibit bacterial growth. While the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and …

Aims This study aimed to establish the ethanol content in commonly prescribed formulations
in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) and determine resulting daily exposure levels for …

Ethanol is present in more than 700 pharmaceutical liquid preparations, ostensibly as an"
inert" solvent on diluent. 1 Despite recent voluntary efforts by several pharmaceutical …

Neonates administered ethanol-containing medicines are potentially at risk of dose-
dependent injury through exposure to ethanol and its metabolite, acetaldehyde. Here, we …

Ethanol is commonly used as an excipient in the manufacture of medicines, including the
ones intended for administration in children. However, ethanol cannot be considered an …

Aims Ethanol is used as a solvent excipient in several medications in order to provide an
oral solution formulation for administration to younger children that are unable to take tablet …