To obtain a multicellular MCF-7 spheroid model to mimic the three-dimensional (3D) of
tumors, the microwell liquid overlay (A) and hanging-drop/agar (B) methods were first …

The multicellular tumor spheroid model is a widely used culture system to mimic the three-
dimensionality of tumors. Several methods and an even larger number of protocols are …

Spheroid‐based systems have been developed as alternatives to two‐dimensional (2D)
monolayer cultures for understanding 3D cell behavior and conducting in vitro drug …

Introduction: Developing in vitro models for studying cell biology and cell physiology is of
great importance to the fields of biotechnology, cancer research, drug discovery, toxicity …

Multicellular aggregates of cells, termed spheroids, are of interest for studying tumor
behavior and for evaluating the response of pharmacologically active agents. Spheroids …

Three-dimensional multicellular spheroids (MCSs) have received extensive attention in the
field of biomedicine due to their ability to simulate the structure and function of tissues in vivo …

Abstract Background Traditional two-dimensional (2-D) monolayer cell culture is vastly
different from in vivo physiological conditions, which can lead to inaccurate or insufficient …

Spheroids are widely used in biology because they provide an in vitro 3-dimensional (3D)
model to study proliferation, cell death, differentiation, and metabolism of cells in tumors and …

Improved in vitro models are needed to better understand cancer progression and bridge
the gap between in vitro proof-of-concept studies, in vivo validation, and clinical application …

In vitro characterization of tumor cell biology or of potential anticancer drugs is usually
performed using tumor cell lines cultured as a monolayer. However, it has been previously …