ABSTRACT H5N1 avian influenza viruses bearing the clade 2.3. 2.1 hemagglutinin (HA)
gene have been widely detected in birds and poultry in several countries. During our routine …

To the Editor: Avian influenza A (H5N6) influenza viruses have circulated among poultry in
southern (Jiangxi, Guangdong) and western (Sichuan) provinces of China since 2013 (1, 2) …

Three H5N8 avian influenza viruses isolated from domestic geese in China in 2014 were
characterized phylogenetically and biologically. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete …

Despite substantial efforts to control H5N1 avian influenza viruses (AIVs), the viruses have
continued to evolve and cause disease outbreaks in poultry and infections in humans. In this …

Over the course of two waves of infection, H7N9 avian influenza A virus has caused 436
human infections and claimed 170 lives in China as of July 2014. To investigate the …

Constant surveillance of live poultry markets (LPMs) is currently the best way to predict and
identify emerging avian influenza viruses (AIVs) that pose a potential threat to public health …

The spread of H5N1 virus into a wide range of avian and mammalian species may facilitate
the adaptation of the virus to human populations. In the present study, a survey of avian …

The genotypes of the H9N2 avian influenza viruses have changed since 2013 when almost
all H9N2 viruses circulating in chickens in China were genotype 57 (G57) with the fittest …

Avian influenza virus A of the novel H7N9 reassortant subtype was recently found to cause
severe human respiratory infections in China. Live poultry markets were suspected locations …

The novel low-pathogenic avian influenza A H7N9 viruses (LPAI H7N9 viruses) have been a
threat to public health since their emergence in 2013 because of the high rates of mortality …