Background CASTLE compared the efficacy of atazanavir/ritonavir with lopinavir/ritonavir,
each in combination with tenofovir-emtricitabine in ARV-naïve subjects from 5 continents …

Objectives HIV‐1 transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in treatment‐naïve individuals is a well‐
described phenomenon. Baseline genotypic resistance testing is considered standard of …

Background The presence of high-abundance drug-resistant HIV-1 jeopardizes success of
antiretroviral therapy (ART). Despite numerous investigations, the clinical impact of low …

Background Growing evidence has linked HIV-1 resistance mutations and drug failure. The
use of genotypic-resistance analysis to assist therapeutic decision-making in patients failing …

Programs that monitor local, national, and regional levels of transmitted HIV-1 drug
resistance inform treatment guidelines and provide feedback on the success of HIV-1 …

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) threshold
survey method was developed for surveillance of transmitted HIVDR in resource-limited …

HIV-1 drug resistance represents a major obstacle to infection and disease control. This
retrospective study analyzes trends and determinants of resistance in antiretroviral treatment …

Background. We evaluated reliability and clinical usefulness of genotypic resistance testing
(GRT) in patients for whom combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) was unsuccessful with …

Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmitted drug resistance
(TDR) can compromise antiretroviral therapy (ART) and thus represents an important public …