Think alouds are valuable tools for academicians, test developers, and practitioners as they
provide a unique window into a respondent's thinking during an assessment. The purpose of …

“Deep understanding” is what teachers want for students. But how do we know when it has
been achieved? Are certain assessments better than others at shedding light on what …

Preparation of this conference paper was supported by a grant to the author from the Social
Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC Grant No. 410-2007-1142) …

Background:'Thinking aloud'is a well-established method of data collection in education,
assessment, and other fields of research. However, while many researchers have reported …

The field of education is rife with calls to action and for research to improve higher-level
thinking and learning outcomes in primary, secondary, and tertiary education. With the No …

Think-aloud interviews have been a valuable but underused tool in statistics education
research. Think-alouds, in which students narrate their reasoning in real time while solving …

Most applications of think-aloud protocols have been conducted from theoretical
perspectives that prioritize knowledge that is predictable and controlled by the researchers …

Within the current test-centered educational reform movement, considerable emphasis is
placed on using assessment results to make instructional decisions for individual students …

Response process validity evidence provides a window into a respondent's cognitive
processing. The purpose of this study is to describe a new data collection tool called a whole …

Developing a cognitive model of task performance is an important and often overlooked
phase in assessment design; failing to establish such a model can threaten the validity of the …