Under field conditions plants are often challenged by combination of biotic and abiotic
stressors and they severely affect crop productivity. An increasing number of studies suggest …

Extreme environmental conditions, such as heat, salinity, and decreased water availability,
can have a devastating impact on plant growth and productivity, potentially resulting in the …

The sessile lifestyle of plants requires them to cope with stresses in situ. Plants overcome
abiotic stresses by altering structure/morphology, and in some extreme conditions, by …

During the past 3 decades, there has been a clear progression in the plant sciences along a
trajectory from plant physiology to biochemistry to molecular biology and then towards …

Plant stress is a state where the plant is growing in non-ideal growth conditions that increase
the demands made upon it. The effects of stress can lead to deficiencies in growth, crop …

The complexity of environmental conditions encountered by plants in the field, or in nature,
is gradually increasing due to anthropogenic activities that promote global warming, climate …

This is the first book to present a comprehensive and advanced discussion on the latest
insights into plant stress biology. Starting with general aspects of biotic as well as abiotic …

Plants respond to environmental challenges inducing several physiological, metabolic, and
molecular responses. These responses are oriented to avoid or endure the adverse …

Multiple biotic and abiotic environmental stress factors affect negatively various aspects of
plant growth, development, and crop productivity. Plants, as sessile organisms, have …

Global warming and climate change are driving an alarming increase in the frequency and
intensity of different abiotic stresses, such as droughts, heat waves, cold snaps, and …