Iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) are essential micronutrient mineral
elements for living organisms, as they regulate essential cellular processes, such as …

Plants have developed finely tuned mechanisms to efficiently acquire and balance the
concentrations of essential metal micronutrients including iron, zinc, copper, and …

Plants directly assimilate minerals from the environment and thus are key for acquisition of
metals by all subsequent consumers. Limited bio-availability of copper, zinc and iron in soil …

Nutritional micronutrient deficiencies and exposure to pollutant metals threaten human
health globally. Plant crops are at the beginning of a food chain that largely determines food …

Some plants can hyperaccumulate metal ions that are toxic to virtually all other organisms at
low dosages. This trait could be used to clean up metal-contaminated soils. Moreover, the …

Transition metals such as copper are essential for many physiological processes yet can be
toxic at elevated levels. Other metals (eg lead) are nonessential and potentially highly toxic …

Heavy metal toxicity is one of the major concerns for agriculture and health. Accumulation of
toxic heavy metals at high concentrations in edible parts of crop plants is the primary cause …

Micronutrients are essential for plant survival despite the low amount needed in comparison
to macronutrients. The dynamic range of optimal internal concentrations for micronutrients is …

Plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to tightly control the acquisition and
distribution of copper and iron in response to environmental fluctuations. Recent studies with …

Micronutrients like copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), Iron (Fe), and Zinc (Zn) are essential for
plants, and their functions are tightly linked for vital metabolism. The normal concentration …