Tumour microenvironment greatly influences the development and metastasis of cancer
progression. The development of three dimensional (3D) culture models which mimic that …

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is distinctly heterogeneous and is involved in tumor
growth, metastasis, and drug resistance. Mimicking this diverse microenvironment is …

A growing number of failing clinical trials for cancer therapy are substantiating the need to
upgrade the current practice in culturing tumor cells and modeling tumor angiogenesis in …

Interactions between malignant and stromal cells and the 3D spatial architecture of the
tumor both substantially modify tumor behavior, including the responses to small molecule …

In recent years, hydrogel-based three-dimensional tumor models have become increasingly
mainstream for cancer research. Hydrogels enable recapitulation of biochemical and …

Abstract Tissue‐engineered three‐dimensional (3D) cancer models employing biomimetic
hydrogels as cellular scaffolds provide contextual in vitro recapitulation of the native tumor …

Recent studies have shown that three-dimensional (3D) culture environments allow the
study of cellular responses in a setting that more closely resembles the in vivo milieu. In this …

Interactions between tumour cells and extracellular matrix proteins of the tumour
microenvironment play crucial roles in cancer progression. So far, however, there are only a …

Abstract Two‐dimensional (2D) cancer models have been the standard for drug
development over the past few years, but they frequently do not resemble in vivo properties …

Bioprinting offers the opportunity to fabricate precise 3D tumor models to study tumor
pathophysiology and progression. However, the choice of the bioink used is important. In …