Over 75% of direct medical costs in the US are for chronic conditions (Hoffman et al., 1996),
a situation that we can reasonably presume to increase in the future. Despite the need for …

For a long time, epidemiologists have recognized that human disease arises from the
interplay of environmental exposures and host susceptibilities. With recent advances in …

Although it is recognized that many common complex diseases are a result of multiple
genetic and environmental risk factors, studies of gene‐environment interaction remain a …

The lack of knowledge about the earliest events in disease development is due to the multi-
factorial nature of disease risk. This information gap is the consequence of the lack of …

Geneticists are making headlines almost daily as they decode the human genome. By the
year 2005, it is expected that researchers will have most of the sequence data in hand. Yet …

Genetic epidemiologists commonly distinguish between" simple" genetic diseases, whose
inheritance patterns conform to Mendelian laws, and the more common" complex" diseases …

Case–control studies have many advantages for identifying disease-related genes, but are
limited in their ability to detect gene–environment interactions. The prospective cohort …

As a result of the Human Genome Project, epidemiologists can study thousands of genes
and their interaction with the environment. The challenge is how to best present and analyze …

Concerns have been raised about the value of genomic research for prevention and public
health, especially for complex diseases with risk factors that are amenable to environmental …

Over the past two decades, the applications of genetic and genomic technologies have
begun to transform research questions and practices within epidemiology and toxicology …