Esophageal cancer (EC) is a malignancy with poor prognosis and high mortality. Hypoxic
microenvironment has also been proved to be an important feature of tumors. Herein, we …

Accumulating evidence has shown an increased tumor incidence and reduced survival rate
in cancer patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Although intermittent hypoxia is …

Tumor microenvironment (TME), which is characterized by hypoxia, widely exists in solid
tumors. As a current research hotspot in the TME, hypoxia is expected to become a key …

The unsatisfactory efficacy of immunotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major
challenge for clinicians and patients. The tumor microenvironment may promote CRC …

Macrophages are a heterogeneous group of phagocytes that play critical roles in
inflammation, infection and tumor growth. Macrophages respond to different environmental …

Background. Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal tumors worldwide. The most
common histological type in China is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) …

Background: Hypoxia was a common feature for accelerating tumor metastasis by both
inducting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of tumor cells and polarization of tumor …

Hypoxia inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is highly expressed and is implicated in the progression
of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. To investigate the potential mechanism by which …

The production of lactate under hypoxic conditions or by cancer cells was reported to
promote the M2 polarization of tumor‑associated macrophages. However, the exact effect of …

Abstract Hypoxia‑inducible‑factor 1α (HIF‑1α) is a marker for poor prognosis in the majority
of the cancer types, and it has been revealed to be essential for maintaining cancer stem …