Biological and environmental changes to maternal and newborn microbiomes in the
postnatal period can affect health outcomes for the mother–baby dyad. Postpartum sleep …

The human microbiome plays a role in maintaining health, but is also thought to attenuate
and exacerbate risk factors for adverse maternal–child health outcomes. The development …

The gut microbiome is a critical component of an individual's metabolism and overall health.
The prenatal period is marked by unique inflammatory and immune changes that alter …

Background Endogenous and exogenous exposures during fetal development have
potential to impact birth and health outcomes of offspring. Accumulating evidence suggests …

Our human cells are outnumbered 10 to 1 by bacterial cells. For this reason, the role of
microorganisms, specifically bacteria, in health and disease has brought forth intense …

Nursing care of the neonate in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is complex, due in
large part to various physiological challenges. A newer and less well-known physiological …

Pregnancy induces unique changes in maternal immune responses and metabolism.
Drastic physiologic adaptations, in an intricately coordinated fashion, allow the maternal …

Background Beginning at birth, the microbes in the gut perform essential duties related to
the digestion and metabolism of food, the development and activation of the immune system …

The significance of contact with microbes in early life for subsequent health has been the
subject of intense research during the last 2 decades. Disturbances in the establishment of …

Maternal health status is vital for the development of the offspring of humans, including
physiological health and psychological functions. The complex and diverse microbial …