Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Argue why
hypoxic regions in solid tumors often contain viable cells that are intrinsically more resistant …

The microenvironment of solid tumours contains regions of poor oxygenation and high
acidity. Growing evidence from clinical and experimental studies points to a fundamental …

Under hypoxic conditions, tumor cells undergo a series of adaptations that promote
evolution of a more aggressive tumor phenotype including the activation of DNA damage …

Tumour hypoxia has been found to be a characteristic feature in many solid tumours. It has
been shown to decrease the therapeutic efficacy of radiation treatment, surgery and some …

Tumor hypoxia is recognized as a limiting factor for the efficacy of radiotherapy, because it
enhances tumor radioresistance. It is strongly suggested that assessing tumor oxygenation …

Radiation rapidly and persistently alters the soluble and insoluble components of the tissue
microenvironment. This affects the cell phenotype, tissue composition and the physical …

A compelling body of evidence indicates that most human solid tumors contain hypoxic
areas. Hypoxia is the consequence not only of the chaotic proliferation of cancer cells that …

Tumour hypoxia is a major constraint for radiotherapy and many types of chemotherapy. A
variety of different pathogenetic mechanisms contribute to the development of hypoxia in …

This article compares and contrasts the classic paradigms underlying the development of
chronic and acute hypoxia in tumors. The classic theory of Thomlinson and Gray suggested …

Radiosensitivity can be influenced both by factors intrinsic and extrinsic to the cancer cell.
One of the factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME) extrinsic to the cancer cell that can …