Liquefied natural gas (LNG) as a fuel shows a large energy to volume ratio. In addition, its
combustion is characterized by low levels of production of CO2, SOX, NOX and particulate …

In the maritime industry, most commercial vessels use diesel engines as the main
propulsion for propeller, generators or auxiliary equipment. They have consumed a very …

Fossil derived fuels available for application within the maritime sector have been
dominated by heavy fuel oil (HFO), which is conventionally used in low speed (main) …

This study presents an overview of the context and global impacts of recent International
Maritime Organization (IMO) regulations on the marine fuel oil refining industry, future …

International shipping faces strong challenges with new legally binding air quality
regulations and a 50% decarbonisation target by 2050. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is a …

Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is becoming increasingly popular as a marine fuel as emission
regulations become more stringent. However, very little data are available on the particulate …

Marine diesel engines are one of the most representative fossil fuels consumers on the
planet. These engines are responsible for a large amount of air pollutants, including …

ABSTRACT On 13 April 2018, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) published an
initial strategy on reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships. The ambitious …

A study was conducted to investigate the environmental aspects, and to a lesser extent
economic aspects, of using LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) as a fuel for different types of ships …

Abstract The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has compromised to reduce its
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the mid-and long-terms. Besides energy efficiency …