HLA-DM catalyzes the release of MHC class II–associated invariant chain–derived peptides
(CLIP) from class II molecules. Recent evidence has suggested that HLA-DO is a negative …

The relative plasticity of peptide binding to class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
molecules permits formation of multiple conformational isomers by the same peptide and …

Highlights•Cell surface transport of MHC class I molecules is determined by their folding,
peptide binding, and interaction with chaperones.•Class I molecules that lack peptide or β 2 …

Classical MHC class II (MHCII) proteins present peptides for CD4+ T-cell surveillance and
are by far the most prominent risk factor for a number of autoimmune disorders. To date …

Antibody affinity maturation occurs in germinal centers (GCs) through iterative rounds of
somatic hypermutation and selection. Selection involves B cells competing for T cell help …

Newly synthesized MHC class II α and β chains associate with a protein chaperone, the
invariant chain, which promotes the proper assembly of MHC class II complexes and their …

Antigenic peptide loading of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules is
enhanced by lysosomal pH and catalyzed by the HLA-DM molecule. The physical …

MHC class I molecules bind with high affinity to peptides in the endoplasmic reticulum and
display them on the cell surface. Here they are screened by CD8‐positive T‐lymphocytes for …

HLA-DO (DO) is a nonclassic class II heterodimer that inhibits the action of the class II
peptide exchange catalyst, HLA-DM (DM), and influences DM localization within late …

As sentinels of the immune system, dendritic cells (DCs) continuously generate and turnover
antigenic peptide–MHC class II complexes (pMHC-II). pMHC-II generation is a complex …