Background: It is well known that intense and prolonged stress can produce cognitive
impairments and hippocampal damage and increase noradrenergic activity in humans. This …

Chronic stress in rats has been shown to impair learning and memory, and precipitate
several affective disorders like depression and anxiety. The mechanisms involved in these …

The high comorbidity of anxiety and depression suggests a potential degree of commonality
in their etiologies. The chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) model effectively replicates …

Stress exposure causes a structural reorganization in neurons of the amygdala. In particular,
animal models have repeatedly shown that both acute and chronic stress induce neuronal …

Human psychological stress is the major environmental risk factor for major depression and
certain of the anxiety disorders. Psychological stressors often occur in the context of the …

Two Wistar rat lines, selectively bred for high-anxiety–related behavior (HAB) and low-
anxiety–related behavior (LAB) in the elevated plus-maze test, were tested for the …

Aging is associated with dysregulation of emotional and endocrine responses in a stressful
environment. To understand the developmental mechanisms of stress vulnerability with …

Chronic exposure to stress has many deleterious effects on behavior, which can often lead
to self-medication with anxiolytics, antidepressants, or alcohol. We determined the effects of …

BACKGROUND: Exposure to intense inescapable stressors induces a persistent anxious
state in rats. The anxious state is evident as increased sensory reactivity and enhanced …

Stress facilitates emotionality and consolidation of aversive memories in male rodents. In
addition, considerable sexual dimorphism has been observed in animal and clinical …