Three experiments, based on Mani and Johnson-Laird's (1982) study, tested memory for
spatial descriptions. In Phase 1 of each experiment, subjects judged whether diagrams …

Projective spatial terms such as “below” specify the location of one object by indicating its
spatial relation with respect to a reference object. These relations are defined via a …

Four experiments investigated how the communication task and the structure of the
environment influence the content and organization of messages about object locations …

Subjects are able to process some texts when they are presented, word-by-word, in a single
physical location. As differential spatial information is not available in this task, Monk …

Spatial aspects of words are associated with their canonical locations in the real world. Yet
little research has tested whether spatial associations denoted in language comprehension …

We examined how ageing influences the process of creating spatial models from narratives.
After memorising the diagram of a building layout, subjects read narratives that took place in …

When subjects mentally scan across visual images of spatial configurations, the “mental
scanning effect” is said to occur when there is a linear relationship between distances …

Participants' ability to track the protagonist's position and surroundings, during continuous
reading, was investigated. In Experiment 1, participants read passages involving either …

Spatial representations help us think. As illustrated by research reported throughout this
volume, one important family of spatial representations for thought includes mental …